Lời giải:

Bổ sung điều kiện $a,b$ là các số dương. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:

$a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}$

$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ab}}$

$\Rightarrow (a+b)(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b})\geq 2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ab}}=4$

Ta có đpcm 

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b$

Bạn tham khảo cách chứng minh tại đây :

Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Huy Thắng - Toán lớp 10 | Học trực tuyến

Áp dụng : Theo BĐT \(AM-GM\) ta có :

\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\)

Nhân vế theo vế ta được :

\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}=3.3.1=9\)

Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô - si ta có:
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Nhân từng vế của 2 bất đẳng thức trên ta được \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

Vậy...

Chứng minh: \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2+2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}=2+2=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

Xét hiệu VT - VP

\(\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{ab+b^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+ab-bc-a^2}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2+bc-ac-b^2}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2+ac-ab-c^2}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)

Do a,b,c bình đẳng nên giả sử a\(\ge\)b\(\ge\)c, khi đó \(b\left(a-c\right)\)\(\ge\)0, c(b-a)\(\le\)0, a(c-b)\(\le\)0

\(a^3\ge b^3\ge c^3=>abc+a^3\ge abc+b^3\ge abc+c^3\)=>\(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}\le\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\)

=> VT -VP \(\le\) \(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{ab-ac}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{ac-ab}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}-\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)

mà \(\dfrac{1}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\) nên VT-VP <0 đpcm

Ta viết bất đẳng thức đã cho lại thành

\(\sum\left[\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{\left(a+b+2c\right)}{2\left(ab+c^2\right)}\right]\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a^2+bc\right)\left(b^2+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)

Hay \(S_a\left(b-c\right)^2+S_b\left(c-a\right)^2+S_c\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\quad\left(1\right)\)

Vậy $VT\geq 0$ và $S_a+S_b\ge 0;S_b+S_c\ge 0.$ Nếu \(a\ge b\ge c\rightarrow VT\ge0\ge VP,\) ta chỉ xét \(a\le b\le c.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(S_a+S_b\right)\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(S_b+S_c\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left[\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}-2S_b\right]\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\)

Đặt \(c=a+x+y,b=a+x\Rightarrow x=b-a;y=c-b\left(x,y\ge0\right)\) thay vào rút gọn các thứ là đpcm.

P/s: Cách này khá trâu nhưng chịu thôi, bài này mình nghĩ khá chặt.

Áp dụng BĐT cosi:

\(\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\\ \ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=9\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge9\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Biến đổi tương đương:

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab\ge4ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng

\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4c}\ge\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{2b+c+a}+\dfrac{1}{2c+a+b}\)

Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{nht}+\dfrac{1}{is}+\dfrac{1}{the}+\dfrac{1}{best}\ge\dfrac{16}{nht+is+the+best}\):

\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)

Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:

\(VP\le\dfrac{4}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4c}\)

\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương :

\(\dfrac{a^8+b^8+c^8}{a^3b^3c^3}\ge\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^8+b^8+c^8}{a^2b^2c^2}\ge ab+bc+ac\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^6}{b^2c^2}+\dfrac{b^6}{a^2c^2}+\dfrac{c^6}{a^2b^2}\ge ab+bc+ac\)

Do \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)

Ta phải cm

\(\dfrac{a^6}{b^2c^2}+\dfrac{b^6}{a^2c^2}+\dfrac{c^6}{a^2b^2}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)(1)

Đặt : \(\left(a^2;b^2;c^2\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{yz}+\dfrac{y^3}{xz}+\dfrac{z^3}{xy}\ge x+y+z\)

Áp dụng C.B.S

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{yz}+\dfrac{y^3}{xz}+\dfrac{z^3}{xy}=\dfrac{x^4}{xyz}+\dfrac{y^4}{xyz}+\dfrac{z^4}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3xyz}\)

Theo Bunhiacopxki: \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^4}{9}\)

Theo Cauchy : \(\Rightarrow3xyz\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3xyz}\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^4}{9}}{\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{9}}=x+y+z\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{yz}+\dfrac{y^3}{xz}+\dfrac{z^3}{xy}\ge x+y+z\)

=> đpcm

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương :

Do

Ta phải cm

(1)

Đặt :

Áp dụng C.B.S

Theo Bunhiacopxki:

Theo Cauchy :

=> đpcm